Unusual Presentation of a Rare Tumor of the Chest Wall : Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Abstract

Introduction: Giant cell tumors account for 5% of all bone tumors. However, the anterior chest wall is rarely involved.
Clinical case: This is a 68-year-old housewife who has been thyroidectomized, for 11 years and is under hormone replacement therapy, and hysterectomies for 6 years after a uterine tumor. She is present for the onset of a 5-month-old hard submammary mass on the left associated with left anterior chest pain under mammals. The clinical examination had found an irregular hard mass under the left mammary which is fixed to the anterior arch of the 4th left rib. A thoracic x-ray showed a limited left Hilo-axillary with a homogeneously dense opacity. The thoracic CT scan showed the presence of a thoracic parietal mass of osteolytic tissue density centered on the anterior arch of the 4th left rib; without a contrast agent, the surgical exploration through thoracotomy revealed a thoracic parietal tumoral process at the expense of the anterior arch of the 4th limb pushing the corresponding lung inwards. Surgical excision allowed ablation of the whole tumor in monobloc towards a healthy zone. The anatomopathological study of the operative specimen showed a morphological and histopathological aspect compatible with a costal tumor with giant cells. The postoperative recovery was marked by a good clinical and radiological improvement. The last check-up after the surgery revealed that the patient was still asymptomatic. Good clinical, biological and radiological improvement was noted with a decline of 8 months.
Conclusion: Giant cell tumors are aggressive bone tumors, yet histologically benign. The chosen examination is a thoracic CT scan with surgical treatment. Clinical and radiological monitoring is necessary. The recurrence is rare, but it usually necessitates a second surgery. The objective of this clinical observation is to highlight the possibility, although rare, of a giant cell tumor in case of the swelling of the soft parts, and a lytic lesion of the anterior part of a rib. Therefore, this tumor must be added to the list of diagnoses to be mentioned in this situation.